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以净零排放为目标的封存驱动型CO2sub>提高采收率方法 Article

刘月亮, 芮振华

《工程（英文）》 2022年第18卷第11期页码 79-87 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.010

摘要：

将全球气候变化控制在1.5 ℃以内需要降低温室气体排放，主要是减少二氧化碳（CO2sub>）的排放。可通过驱油过程将CO2sub>封存在油藏地质体中，因此，CO2sub>驱油与封存被视为降低CO2sub>排放的重要手段之一。本研究提出了一种新型的CO2sub>提高采收率（EOR）方法，即封存驱动型CO2sub>提高采收率，其主要目标是通过在油藏中封存尽可能多的CO2sub>来实现CO2sub>净零排放甚至负排放，同时最大限度提高原油采收率。此外，通过封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR封存的CO2sub>量远超采出原油燃烧产生的碳排放总量。

关键词： CO2sub> EOR CO2sub>净排放量二甲醚封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR CO2sub>封存

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粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放趋势、驱动因素及减排路径 Article

周雅, 李柯君, 梁笙, 曾雪兰, 蔡宴朋, 孟靖, 单钰理, 关大博, 杨志峰

《工程（英文）》 2023年第23卷第4期页码 138-148 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.017

摘要：

粤港澳大湾区是我国为建设世界级城市群提出的国家战略，其CO2sub>排放趋势、社会经济驱动因素和减排路径对区域经济高质量发展具有重要意义。本研究编制了2000—2019 年粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放清单，采用对数平均迪氏指数法探究CO2sub>排放的关键驱动力。结果表明，粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放在2017 年后明显放缓，已经与国内生产总值（GDP）增长脱钩。经济增长和能源强度分别是驱动和抑制粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放增加的主要因素。能源生产和重工业对粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放增长的推动作用降低，服务业正成为主要驱动力。深圳和香港的产业升级以及深圳、广州和佛山的技术进步抑制了粤港澳大湾区CO2sub>排放增长。粤港澳大湾区各城市异质性增加了减排指标分配难度和制定区域碳中和路线图的复杂性。

关键词：粤港澳大湾区 CO2sub>排放驱动因素低碳发展碳中和

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2019年全球二氧化碳排放量趋于稳定，预计2020年将下降

Sean O’Neill

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第9期页码 958-959 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.005

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H2sub> 对Pt-Ba-Ce /γ-Al2sub>O3sub> 催化剂NOxsub> 存储和还原机理的影响研究 Article

王攀, 裔静, 孙川, 罗鹏, 雷利利

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第3期页码 568-575 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.005

摘要：

本研究采用浸渍法制备了Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2sub>O3sub>催化剂，利用实验评价了H2sub> 对NSR（NOxsub> storage and reduction）催化剂存储和还原机理的影响，并采用综合表征技术研究了Pt-Ba-Ce /γ-Al2sub>O3sub结果表明，透射电子显微镜（TEM）显示X 射线衍射（XRD）光谱中观察到的PtOxsub>、CeO2sub> 和BaCO3sub> 峰很好地分散在γ-Al2sub>O3sub> 上，X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）检测到Ce3+ 和Ce4+ 之间的差异，Ce3+ 和Ce4+ 促进了活性氧在催化剂上的迁移。适当增加H2sub>量加速了硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐的分解，有利于NOxsub> 存储-还原，并促进了下一循环NSR吸附位点的再生。

关键词： Pt–Ba–Ce/γ-Al2sub>O3sub> 催化剂，物理化学性质，NOxsub>存储和还原，NOxsub> 排放，H2sub> 还原剂

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中国碳达峰碳中和目标下的排放路径思考与探讨

蔡博峰, 张立, 雷宇, 王金南

《工程（英文）》 2023年第30卷第11期页码 27-29 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.014

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聚乙烯胺促进传递膜用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集——从材料到工艺的挑战和前景 Perspective

何雪忠

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第1期页码 124-131 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.11.001

摘要： >2sub>）变得越来越具有吸引力。在过去的十年中，人们开发了基于聚乙烯胺（PVAm）的促进传递（FT）膜来捕集CO2sub>。本文讨论了聚乙烯胺促进传递膜应用于发电厂和水泥厂的燃烧后CO2sub>捕集从材料到工艺的挑战。我们可以基于先前中试示范中获得的经验来指导设计其他类型的膜捕集CO2sub>。我们发现单位CO2sub>的捕集成本在很大程度上取决于所需的CO2sub>捕集率，在50％的中等CO2sub>捕集率下，捕集每吨CO2sub>的成本为因此，我们发现FT膜系统对于部分CO2sub>捕集更具竞争力。

关键词：促进传递膜烟道气排放中空纤维二氧化碳捕集过程模拟

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烯烃生产新趋势

Ismaël Amghizar,Laurien A. Vandewalle,Kevin M. Van Geem,Guy B. Marin

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 171-178 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.006

摘要：

在未来10 年内，蒸汽裂解仍将是主要的烯烃( 如乙烯和丙烯) 生产方式。由于日用品市场较大的不确定性，尽管原油储量下降和全球变暖在定程度上制约了裂解工艺，但其他替代技术和原料因为较低的经济可行，尚无法在化学工业界得到足够的投资。本文将些最有潜力的替代术与传统的蒸汽裂解工艺进行了对比，着重强调了这些替代术的主要瓶颈。部分上述工艺主要得益于页岩气和闲置天然气中大量廉价的丙烷乙烷和甲烷。从经济的角度来看，以甲烷为原料生产化工产品的路线如果行得，其经济效益将会十分显著原油的巨大储量以及未来市场对燃料需求下跌的预期则表明，些拥有成熟路线的工艺如费托合成或甲醇制汽油的前景并不光明。另方面，丰富廉价的乙烷和储量巨大的原油导致了蒸汽裂解工艺两极分化的趋势，这也给低碳烯烃的定向生产工艺，如丙烷催化脱氢，创了空间。

关键词：烯烃生产蒸汽裂解甲烷转化页岩气碳排放

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Rh2sub>O3sub>/hexagonal CePO4sub> nanocatalysts for N2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 586-593 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1659-6

摘要： Hexagonal CePO nanorods were prepared by a precipitation method and hexagonal CePO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C. Rh(NO ) was then used as a precursor for the impregnation of Rh O onto these CePO materials. The Rh O supported on the CePO nanowires was much more active for the catalytic decomposition of N O than the Rh O supported on CePO nanorods. The stability of both catalysts as a function of time on stream was studied and the influence of the co-feed (CO , O , H O or O /H O) on the N O decomposition was also investigated. The samples were characterized by N adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, and CO temperature-programmed desorption in order to correlate the physicochemical and catalytic properties.

关键词： Rh₂O₃ CePO₄ N₂O decomposition

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CO2sub> methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO2sub> over Mn-promoted Ni/Al2sub>O3sub> catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 273-280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1563-5

摘要： A series of Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method. The effect of the Mn content on the activity of the Ni/Al O catalysts for CO methanation and the co-methanation of CO and CO in a fixed-bed reactor was investigated. The catalysts were characterized by N physisorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and desorption, carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The presence of Mn increased the number of CO adsorption sites and inhibited Ni particle agglomeration due to improved Ni dispersion and weakened interactions between the nickel species and the support. The Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts had improved CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures (250 to 400 °C). The Mn content was varied from 0.86% to 2.54% and the best CO conversion was achieved with the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst. The co-methanation tests on the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst indicated that adding Mn markedly enhanced the CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures but it had little influence on the CO methanation performance. CO methanation was more sensitive to the reaction temperature and the space velocity than the CO methanation in the co-methanation process.

关键词： Mn promotion nickel catalysts CO₂ methanation co-methanation of CO and CO₂

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Al2sub>O3sub> and CeO2sub>-promoted MgO sorbents for CO2sub> capture at moderate

Huimei Yu, Xiaoxing Wang, Zhu Shu, Mamoru Fujii, Chunshan Song

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 83-93 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1691-6

摘要： A series of Al O and CeO modified MgO sorbents was prepared and studied for CO sorption at moderate temperatures. The CO sorption capacity of MgO was enhanced with the addition of either Al O or CeO . Over Al O -MgO sorbents, the best capacity of 24.6 mg-CO /g-sorbent was attained at 100 °C, which was 61% higher than that of MgO (15.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent). The highest capacity of 35.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent was obtained over the CeO -MgO sorbents at the optimal temperature of 200 °C. Combining with the characterization results, we conclude that the promotion effect on CO sorption with the addition of Al O and CeO can be attributed to the increased surface area with reduced MgO crystallite size. Moreover, the addition of CeO increased the basicity of MgO phase, resulting in more increase in the CO capacity than Al O promoter. Both the Al O -MgO and CeO -MgO sorbents exhibited better cyclic stability than MgO over the course of fifteen CO sorption-desorption cycles. Compared to Al O , CeO is more effective for promoting the CO capacity of MgO. To enhance the CO capacity of MgO sorbent, increasing the basicity is more effective than the increase in the surface area.

关键词： CO₂ capture MgO sorbents Al₂O₃ CeO₂ flue gas

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The stabilization effect of Al2sub>O3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO2sub> catalyst

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

摘要： Similar to Sn, Pb located at the same group (IVA) in the periodic table of elements, can also catalyze propane dehydrogenation to propene, while a fast deactivation can be observed. To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al₂O₃ with a small amount, was introduced into Pb/SiO₂ catalyst in this study. It has been proved that Al₂O₃ can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken the agglomeration and loss of Pb species due to its enhanced interaction with Pb species. As a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO₂ catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h. In addition, a simple schematic diagram of the change of surface species on the catalyst surface after Al₂O₃ addition was also proposed.

关键词： Pb/SiO₂ Al₂O₃ propane dehydrogenation propene stability

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Cu-doped Bi/Bi2sub>WO6sub> catalysts for efficient N2sub> fixation by photocatalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1412-1422 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2312-1

摘要： In this paper, Cu-doped Bi₂WO₆ was synthesized via a solvothermal method and applied it in photocatalytic N₂ immobilization. Characterization results showed the presence of a small amount of metallic Bi in the photocatalyst, indicating that the synthesized photocatalyst is actually Bi/Cu-Bi₂WO₆ composite. The doped Cu had a valence state of +2 and most likely substituted the position of Bi³⁺. The introduced Cu did not affect the metallic Bi content, but mainly influenced the energy band structure of Bi₂WO₆. The band gap was slightly narrowed, the conduction band was elevated, and the work function was reduced. The reduced work function improved the transfer and separation of charge carriers, which mainly caused the increased photoactivity. The optimized NH₃ generation rates of Bi/Cu-Bi₂WO₆ reached 624 and 243 μmol·L^–1·g^–1·h^–1 under simulated solar and visible light, and these values were approximately 2.8 and 5.9 times higher those of Bi/Bi₂WO₆, respectively. This research provides a method for improving the photocatalytic N₂ fixation and may provide more information on the design and preparation of heteroatom-doped semiconductor photocatalysts for N₂-to-NH₃ conversion.

关键词： Bi₂WO₆ Cu doping work function photocatalytic N₂ fixation charge separation

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ZnFe2sub>O4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 197-204 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1606-y

摘要： ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol under ultraviolet irradiation to give cyclohexanone (CH) and cyclohexyl formate (CF). The photocatalytic CO reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were higher than those over the directly-precipitated composites. This is because compared to the direct-precipitation sample, the ZnFe O nanoparticles in the hydrothermal sample were smaller and more uniformly distributed on the surface of BiOCl and so more heterojunctions were formed. Higher CF and CH yields were obtained for the pure BiOCl and BiOCl composite samples with more exposed (001) facets than for the samples with more exposed (010) facets. This is due to the higher density of oxygen atoms in the exposed (001) facets, which creates more oxygen vacancies, and thereby improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. More importantly, irradiation of the (001) facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reduction of CO to ·CO . The mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol over ZnFe O -BiOCl composites with exposed (001) facets involves electron transfer and carbon radical formation.

关键词： reduction of CO₂ cyclohexanol ZnFe₂O₄ deposited BiOCl facet composite photocatalyst